20.PCI代码导读-7.Linux内核启动打印-《计算机知识》

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2025-11-02 22:26:33 系统网络 来源：ZONE.CI 全球网 0 阅读模式
  • 关键点分析
    • 如何查看设备有几个主桥
    • 内核启动打印分析（重点）

    关键点分析

    如何查看设备有几个主桥

    1. dmesg 可以看到(acpi_pci_root_add函数打印)出现了：
    2. [    0.181405] ACPI: PCI Root Bridge [PCI0] (domain 0000 [bus 00-16])  # [PCIn] [bus 00-16], 那么00就是root的BUS号
    3. [    0.181405] ACPI: PCI Root Bridge [PCI1] (domain 0000 [bus 17-ff])  # [PCIn] [bus 17-fe], 那么17就是root的BUS号
    4. ......
    6. 可以看到  PC1 已经枚举到bus ff了，那么支持2个主桥

    内核启动打印分析（重点）

    1. acpi PNP0A08:00: [Firmware Info]: MMCONFIG for domain 0000 [bus 00-3f] only partially covers this bridge
    4. ### 主桥信息 （前边有分析，可能不止一个主桥，搜索 PCI host bridge 来查看
    5. ### 这里有 [bus 00-ff]  说明当前主桥下表已经覆盖了所有bus （在服务器上，将bus 可能挂载不同的主桥上）
    6. PCI host bridge to bus 0000:00    
    7. pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [io  0x0000-0x03af window]
    8. pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [io  0x03e0-0x0cf7 window]
    9. pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [io  0x03b0-0x03df window]
    10. pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [io  0x0d00-0xffff window]
    11. pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0x000a0000-0x000bffff window]
    12. pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0x000c0000-0x000dffff window]
    13. pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0xe0000000-0xfec2ffff window]
    14. pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0xfee00000-0xffffffff window]
    15. pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [bus 00-ff]
    17. ### pci_scan_child_bus 开始扫描所有设备，打印分布在pci_setup_device 和 pci_device_add 中
    18. ### 中间也有部分会调用 pci_claim_resource
    19. ### 其实在pci_scan_child_bus->pci_scan_slot->pci_scan_single_device->pci_device_add
    20. ### ->pci_fixup_device->pci_do_fixups->quirk_piix4_acpi->quirk_io_region->pci_claim_resource
    21. ### 调用
    22. pci 0000:00:00.0: [1022:1480] type 00 class 0x060000
    23. pci 0000:00:00.2: [1022:1481] type 00 class 0x080600
    24. pci 0000:00:01.0: [1022:1482] type 00 class 0x060000
    25. pci 0000:00:01.1: [1022:1483] type 01 class 0x060400
    26. pci 0000:00:01.1: enabling Extended Tags
    27. pci 0000:00:01.1: PME# supported from D0 D3hot D3cold
    28. pci 0000:00:01.3: [1022:1483] type 01 class 0x060400
    29. pci 0000:00:01.3: enabling Extended Tags
    30. pci 0000:00:01.3: PME# supported from D0 D3hot D3cold
    31. pci 0000:00:02.0: [1022:1482] type 00 class 0x060000
    32. pci 0000:00:03.0: [1022:1482] type 00 class 0x060000
    33. pci 0000:00:03.1: [1022:1483] type 01 class 0x060400
    34. pci 0000:00:03.1: enabling Extended Tags
    35. pci 0000:00:03.1: PME# supported from D0 D3hot D3cold
    36. pci 0000:00:04.0: [1022:1482] type 00 class 0x060000
    37. pci 0000:00:05.0: [1022:1482] type 00 class 0x060000
    38. pci 0000:00:07.0: [1022:1482] type 00 class 0x060000
    39. pci 0000:00:07.1: [1022:1484] type 01 class 0x060400
    40. pci 0000:00:07.1: enabling Extended Tags
    41. pci 0000:00:07.1: PME# supported from D0 D3hot D3cold
    42. pci 0000:00:08.0: [1022:1482] type 00 class 0x060000
    43. pci 0000:00:08.1: [1022:1484] type 01 class 0x060400
    44. pci 0000:00:08.1: enabling Extended Tags
    45. pci 0000:00:08.1: PME# supported from D0 D3hot D3cold
    46. pci 0000:00:08.2: [1022:1484] type 01 class 0x060400
    47. pci 0000:00:08.2: enabling Extended Tags
    48. pci 0000:00:08.2: PME# supported from D0 D3hot D3cold
    49. pci 0000:00:08.3: [1022:1484] type 01 class 0x060400
    50. pci 0000:00:08.3: enabling Extended Tags
    51. pci 0000:00:08.3: PME# supported from D0 D3hot D3cold
    52. pci 0000:00:14.0: [1022:790b] type 00 class 0x0c0500
    53. pci 0000:00:14.3: [1022:790e] type 00 class 0x060100
    54. pci 0000:00:18.0: [1022:1440] type 00 class 0x060000
    55. pci 0000:00:18.1: [1022:1441] type 00 class 0x060000
    56. pci 0000:00:18.2: [1022:1442] type 00 class 0x060000
    57. pci 0000:00:18.3: [1022:1443] type 00 class 0x060000
    58. pci 0000:00:18.4: [1022:1444] type 00 class 0x060000
    59. pci 0000:00:18.5: [1022:1445] type 00 class 0x060000
    60. pci 0000:00:18.6: [1022:1446] type 00 class 0x060000
    61. pci 0000:00:18.7: [1022:1447] type 00 class 0x060000
    62. pci 0000:01:00.0: [15b7:5006] type 00 class 0x010802
    63. pci 0000:01:00.0: reg 0x10: [mem 0xf7b00000-0xf7b03fff 64bit]
    64. pci 0000:01:00.0: reg 0x20: [mem 0xf7b04000-0xf7b040ff 64bit]
    65. pci 0000:00:01.1: PCI bridge to [bus 01]
    66. pci 0000:00:01.1:   bridge window [mem 0xf7b00000-0xf7bfffff]
    67. pci 0000:03:00.0: [1022:43d5] type 00 class 0x0c0330
    68. pci 0000:03:00.0: reg 0x10: [mem 0xf73a0000-0xf73a7fff 64bit]
    69. pci 0000:03:00.0: enabling Extended Tags
    70. pci 0000:03:00.0: PME# supported from D3hot D3cold
    71. pci 0000:03:00.1: [1022:43c8] type 00 class 0x010601
    72. pci 0000:03:00.1: reg 0x24: [mem 0xf7380000-0xf739ffff]
    73. pci 0000:03:00.1: reg 0x30: [mem 0xf7300000-0xf737ffff pref]
    74. pci 0000:03:00.1: enabling Extended Tags
    75. pci 0000:03:00.1: PME# supported from D3hot D3cold
    76. pci 0000:03:00.2: [1022:43c6] type 01 class 0x060400
    77. pci 0000:03:00.2: enabling Extended Tags
    78. pci 0000:03:00.2: PME# supported from D3hot D3cold
    79. pci 0000:00:01.3: PCI bridge to [bus 03-25]
    80. pci 0000:00:01.3:   bridge window [io  0xe000-0xffff]
    81. pci 0000:00:01.3:   bridge window [mem 0xf6000000-0xf73fffff]
    82. pci 0000:00:01.3:   bridge window [mem 0xe0000000-0xf1ffffff 64bit pref]
    83. pci 0000:20:00.0: [1022:43c7] type 01 class 0x060400
    84. pci 0000:20:00.0: enabling Extended Tags
    85. pci 0000:20:00.0: PME# supported from D3hot D3cold
    86. pci 0000:20:01.0: [1022:43c7] type 01 class 0x060400
    87. pci 0000:20:01.0: enabling Extended Tags
    88. pci 0000:20:01.0: PME# supported from D3hot D3cold
    89. pci 0000:20:04.0: [1022:43c7] type 01 class 0x060400
    90. pci 0000:20:04.0: enabling Extended Tags
    91. pci 0000:20:04.0: PME# supported from D3hot D3cold
    92. pci 0000:03:00.2: PCI bridge to [bus 20-25]
    93. pci 0000:03:00.2:   bridge window [io  0xe000-0xffff]
    94. pci 0000:03:00.2:   bridge window [mem 0xf6000000-0xf72fffff]
    95. pci 0000:03:00.2:   bridge window [mem 0xe0000000-0xf1ffffff 64bit pref]
    96. pci 0000:20:00.0: PCI bridge to [bus 21]
    97. pci 0000:22:00.0: [10ec:8168] type 00 class 0x020000
    98. pci 0000:22:00.0: reg 0x10: [io  0xf000-0xf0ff]
    99. pci 0000:22:00.0: reg 0x18: [mem 0xf7204000-0xf7204fff 64bit]
    100. pci 0000:22:00.0: reg 0x20: [mem 0xf7200000-0xf7203fff 64bit]
    101. pci 0000:22:00.0: supports D1 D2
    102. pci 0000:22:00.0: PME# supported from D0 D1 D2 D3hot D3cold
    103. pci 0000:20:01.0: PCI bridge to [bus 22]
    104. pci 0000:20:01.0:   bridge window [io  0xf000-0xffff]
    105. pci 0000:20:01.0:   bridge window [mem 0xf7200000-0xf72fffff]
    106. pci 0000:25:00.0: [10de:1f82] type 00 class 0x030000
    107. pci 0000:25:00.0: reg 0x10: [mem 0xf6000000-0xf6ffffff]
    108. pci 0000:25:00.0: reg 0x14: [mem 0xe0000000-0xefffffff 64bit pref]
    109. pci 0000:25:00.0: reg 0x1c: [mem 0xf0000000-0xf1ffffff 64bit pref]
    110. pci 0000:25:00.0: reg 0x24: [io  0xe000-0xe07f]
    111. pci 0000:25:00.0: reg 0x30: [mem 0xf7000000-0xf707ffff pref]
    112. pci 0000:25:00.0: enabling Extended Tags
    113. pci 0000:25:00.0: BAR 3: assigned to efifb
    114. pci 0000:25:00.0: PME# supported from D0 D3hot D3cold
    115. pci 0000:25:00.0: 8.000 Gb/s available PCIe bandwidth, limited by 2.5 GT/s x4 link at 0000:20:04.0 (capable of 126.016 Gb/s with 8 GT/s x16 link)
    116. pci 0000:25:00.1: [10de:10fa] type 00 class 0x040300
    117. pci 0000:25:00.1: reg 0x10: [mem 0xf7080000-0xf7083fff]
    118. pci 0000:25:00.1: enabling Extended Tags
    119. pci 0000:20:04.0: PCI bridge to [bus 25]
    120. pci 0000:20:04.0:   bridge window [io  0xe000-0xefff]
    121. pci 0000:20:04.0:   bridge window [mem 0xf6000000-0xf70fffff]
    122. pci 0000:20:04.0:   bridge window [mem 0xe0000000-0xf1ffffff 64bit pref]
    123. pci 0000:26:00.0: [10ee:9032] type 00 class 0x058000
    124. pci 0000:26:00.0: reg 0x10: [mem 0xf7a60000-0xf7a7ffff]
    125. pci 0000:26:00.0: reg 0x18: [mem 0xf7a40000-0xf7a5ffff]
    126. pci 0000:26:00.0: reg 0x30: [mem 0xfffff800-0xffffffff pref]
    127. pci 0000:26:00.0: reg 0x164: [mem 0x00000000-0x00007fff]
    128. pci 0000:26:00.0: VF(n) BAR0 space: [mem 0x00000000-0x0001ffff] (contains BAR0 for 4 VFs)
    129. pci 0000:26:00.0: reg 0x16c: [mem 0x00000000-0x00003fff]
    130. pci 0000:26:00.0: VF(n) BAR2 space: [mem 0x00000000-0x0000ffff] (contains BAR2 for 4 VFs)
    131. pci 0000:26:00.1: [10ee:0000] type 00 class 0x058000
    132. pci 0000:26:00.1: reg 0x10: [mem 0xf7a20000-0xf7a3ffff]
    133. pci 0000:26:00.1: reg 0x18: [mem 0xf7a00000-0xf7a1ffff]
    134. pci 0000:26:00.1: reg 0x164: [mem 0x00000000-0x00007fff]
    135. pci 0000:26:00.1: VF(n) BAR0 space: [mem 0x00000000-0x0001ffff] (contains BAR0 for 4 VFs)
    136. pci 0000:26:00.1: reg 0x16c: [mem 0x00000000-0x00003fff]
    137. pci 0000:26:00.1: VF(n) BAR2 space: [mem 0x00000000-0x0000ffff] (contains BAR2 for 4 VFs)
    138. pci 0000:00:03.1: PCI bridge to [bus 26]
    139. pci 0000:00:03.1:   bridge window [mem 0xf7a00000-0xf7afffff]
    140. pci 0000:27:00.0: [1022:148a] type 00 class 0x130000
    141. pci 0000:27:00.0: enabling Extended Tags
    142. pci 0000:00:07.1: PCI bridge to [bus 27]
    143. pci 0000:28:00.0: [1022:1485] type 00 class 0x130000
    144. pci 0000:28:00.0: enabling Extended Tags
    145. pci 0000:28:00.1: [1022:1486] type 00 class 0x108000
    146. pci 0000:28:00.1: reg 0x18: [mem 0xf7600000-0xf76fffff]
    147. pci 0000:28:00.1: reg 0x24: [mem 0xf7708000-0xf7709fff]
    148. pci 0000:28:00.1: enabling Extended Tags
    149. pci 0000:28:00.3: [1022:149c] type 00 class 0x0c0330
    150. pci 0000:28:00.3: reg 0x10: [mem 0xf7500000-0xf75fffff 64bit]
    151. pci 0000:28:00.3: enabling Extended Tags
    152. pci 0000:28:00.3: PME# supported from D0 D3hot D3cold
    153. pci 0000:28:00.4: [1022:1487] type 00 class 0x040300
    154. pci 0000:28:00.4: reg 0x10: [mem 0xf7700000-0xf7707fff]
    155. pci 0000:28:00.4: enabling Extended Tags
    156. pci 0000:28:00.4: PME# supported from D0 D3hot D3cold
    157. pci 0000:00:08.1: PCI bridge to [bus 28]
    158. pci 0000:00:08.1:   bridge window [mem 0xf7500000-0xf77fffff]
    159. pci 0000:30:00.0: [1022:7901] type 00 class 0x010601
    160. pci 0000:30:00.0: reg 0x24: [mem 0xf7900000-0xf79007ff]
    161. pci 0000:30:00.0: enabling Extended Tags
    162. pci 0000:30:00.0: PME# supported from D3hot D3cold
    163. pci 0000:00:08.2: PCI bridge to [bus 30]
    164. pci 0000:00:08.2:   bridge window [mem 0xf7900000-0xf79fffff]
    165. pci 0000:31:00.0: [1022:7901] type 00 class 0x010601
    166. pci 0000:31:00.0: reg 0x24: [mem 0xf7800000-0xf78007ff]
    167. pci 0000:31:00.0: enabling Extended Tags
    168. pci 0000:31:00.0: PME# supported from D3hot D3cold
    169. pci 0000:00:08.3: PCI bridge to [bus 31]
    170. pci 0000:00:08.3:   bridge window [mem 0xf7800000-0xf78fffff]
    173. ### 热插拔相关，linux-git\drivers\pnp\pnpacpi\core.c  中打印
    174. pnp: PnP ACPI init
    175. system 00:00: [mem 0xf8000000-0xfbffffff] has been reserved
    176. system 00:00: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0c01 (active)
    177. system 00:01: [mem 0xfd000000-0xfd0fffff] has been reserved
    178. system 00:01: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0c02 (active)
    179. pnp 00:02: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0b00 (active)
    181. ###    在 system_pnp_driver的probe中获取资源，
    182. system 00:03: [io  0x0a00-0x0a0f] has been reserved
    183. system 00:03: [io  0x0a10-0x0a1f] has been reserved
    184. system 00:03: [io  0x0a20-0x0a2f] has been reserved
    185. system 00:03: [io  0x0a30-0x0a3f] has been reserved
    186. system 00:03: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0c02 (active)
    187. pnp 00:04: [dma 0 disabled]
    188. pnp 00:04: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0400 (active)
    189. pnp 00:05: [dma 0 disabled]
    190. pnp 00:05: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0501 (active)
    191. system 00:06: [io  0x04d0-0x04d1] has been reserved
    192. system 00:06: [io  0x040b] has been reserved
    193. system 00:06: [io  0x04d6] has been reserved
    194. system 00:06: [io  0x0c00-0x0c01] has been reserved
    195. system 00:06: [io  0x0c14] has been reserved
    196. system 00:06: [io  0x0c50-0x0c51] has been reserved
    197. system 00:06: [io  0x0c52] has been reserved
    198. system 00:06: [io  0x0c6c] has been reserved
    199. system 00:06: [io  0x0c6f] has been reserved
    200. system 00:06: [io  0x0cd0-0x0cd1] has been reserved
    201. system 00:06: [io  0x0cd2-0x0cd3] has been reserved
    202. system 00:06: [io  0x0cd4-0x0cd5] has been reserved
    203. system 00:06: [io  0x0cd6-0x0cd7] has been reserved
    204. system 00:06: [io  0x0cd8-0x0cdf] has been reserved
    205. system 00:06: [io  0x0800-0x089f] has been reserved
    206. system 00:06: [io  0x0b00-0x0b0f] has been reserved
    207. system 00:06: [io  0x0b20-0x0b3f] has been reserved
    208. system 00:06: [io  0x0900-0x090f] has been reserved
    209. system 00:06: [io  0x0910-0x091f] has been reserved
    210. system 00:06: [mem 0xfec00000-0xfec00fff] could not be reserved
    211. system 00:06: [mem 0xfec01000-0xfec01fff] could not be reserved
    212. system 00:06: [mem 0xfedc0000-0xfedc0fff] has been reserved
    213. system 00:06: [mem 0xfee00000-0xfee00fff] has been reserved
    214. system 00:06: [mem 0xfed80000-0xfed8ffff] could not be reserved
    215. system 00:06: [mem 0xfec10000-0xfec10fff] has been reserved
    216. system 00:06: [mem 0xff000000-0xffffffff] has been reserved
    217. system 00:06: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0c02 (active)
    218. pnp: PnP ACPI: found 7 devices
    221. ###  ？？？
    222. ### 这部分没跟踪到，主要是 pci_claim_resource 和 pci_assign_resource， 没看到谁调用
    223. ### 其实在 pcibios_assign_resources->pcibios_allocate_rom_resources 中会操作option ROM相关
    224. ### fs_initcall(pcibios_assign_resources);
    225. clocksource: acpi_pm: mask: 0xffffff max_cycles: 0xffffff, max_idle_ns: 2085701024 ns
    226. pci 0000:26:00.0: can't claim BAR 6 [mem 0xfffff800-0xffffffff pref]: no compatible bridge window
    227. pci_bus 0000:00: max bus depth: 3 pci_try_num: 4
    228. pci 0000:00:01.1: PCI bridge to [bus 01]
    229. pci 0000:00:01.1:   bridge window [mem 0xf7b00000-0xf7bfffff]
    230. pci 0000:20:00.0: PCI bridge to [bus 21]
    231. pci 0000:20:01.0: PCI bridge to [bus 22]
    232. pci 0000:20:01.0:   bridge window [io  0xf000-0xffff]
    233. pci 0000:20:01.0:   bridge window [mem 0xf7200000-0xf72fffff]
    234. pci 0000:20:04.0: PCI bridge to [bus 25]
    235. pci 0000:20:04.0:   bridge window [io  0xe000-0xefff]
    236. pci 0000:20:04.0:   bridge window [mem 0xf6000000-0xf70fffff]
    237. pci 0000:20:04.0:   bridge window [mem 0xe0000000-0xf1ffffff 64bit pref]
    238. pci 0000:03:00.2: PCI bridge to [bus 20-25]
    239. pci 0000:03:00.2:   bridge window [io  0xe000-0xffff]
    240. pci 0000:03:00.2:   bridge window [mem 0xf6000000-0xf72fffff]
    241. pci 0000:03:00.2:   bridge window [mem 0xe0000000-0xf1ffffff 64bit pref]
    242. pci 0000:00:01.3: PCI bridge to [bus 03-25]
    243. pci 0000:00:01.3:   bridge window [io  0xe000-0xffff]
    244. pci 0000:00:01.3:   bridge window [mem 0xf6000000-0xf73fffff]
    245. pci 0000:00:01.3:   bridge window [mem 0xe0000000-0xf1ffffff 64bit pref]
    246. pci 0000:26:00.0: BAR 7: assigned [mem 0xf7a80000-0xf7a9ffff]
    247. pci 0000:26:00.1: BAR 7: assigned [mem 0xf7aa0000-0xf7abffff]
    248. pci 0000:26:00.0: BAR 9: assigned [mem 0xf7ac0000-0xf7acffff]
    249. pci 0000:26:00.1: BAR 9: assigned [mem 0xf7ad0000-0xf7adffff]
    250. pci 0000:26:00.0: BAR 6: assigned [mem 0xf7ae0000-0xf7ae07ff pref]
    251. pci 0000:00:03.1: PCI bridge to [bus 26]
    252. pci 0000:00:03.1:   bridge window [mem 0xf7a00000-0xf7afffff]
    253. pci 0000:00:07.1: PCI bridge to [bus 27]
    254. pci 0000:00:08.1: PCI bridge to [bus 28]
    255. pci 0000:00:08.1:   bridge window [mem 0xf7500000-0xf77fffff]
    256. pci 0000:00:08.2: PCI bridge to [bus 30]
    257. pci 0000:00:08.2:   bridge window [mem 0xf7900000-0xf79fffff]
    258. pci 0000:00:08.3: PCI bridge to [bus 31]
    259. pci 0000:00:08.3:   bridge window [mem 0xf7800000-0xf78fffff]
    260. pci_bus 0000:00: resource 4 [io  0x0000-0x03af window]
    261. pci_bus 0000:00: resource 5 [io  0x03e0-0x0cf7 window]
    262. pci_bus 0000:00: resource 6 [io  0x03b0-0x03df window]
    263. pci_bus 0000:00: resource 7 [io  0x0d00-0xffff window]
    264. pci_bus 0000:00: resource 8 [mem 0x000a0000-0x000bffff window]
    265. pci_bus 0000:00: resource 9 [mem 0x000c0000-0x000dffff window]
    266. pci_bus 0000:00: resource 10 [mem 0xe0000000-0xfec2ffff window]
    267. pci_bus 0000:00: resource 11 [mem 0xfee00000-0xffffffff window]
    268. pci_bus 0000:01: resource 1 [mem 0xf7b00000-0xf7bfffff]
    269. pci_bus 0000:03: resource 0 [io  0xe000-0xffff]
    270. pci_bus 0000:03: resource 1 [mem 0xf6000000-0xf73fffff]
    271. pci_bus 0000:03: resource 2 [mem 0xe0000000-0xf1ffffff 64bit pref]
    272. pci_bus 0000:20: resource 0 [io  0xe000-0xffff]
    273. pci_bus 0000:20: resource 1 [mem 0xf6000000-0xf72fffff]
    274. pci_bus 0000:20: resource 2 [mem 0xe0000000-0xf1ffffff 64bit pref]
    275. pci_bus 0000:22: resource 0 [io  0xf000-0xffff]
    276. pci_bus 0000:22: resource 1 [mem 0xf7200000-0xf72fffff]
    277. pci_bus 0000:25: resource 0 [io  0xe000-0xefff]
    278. pci_bus 0000:25: resource 1 [mem 0xf6000000-0xf70fffff]
    279. pci_bus 0000:25: resource 2 [mem 0xe0000000-0xf1ffffff 64bit pref]
    280. pci_bus 0000:26: resource 1 [mem 0xf7a00000-0xf7afffff]
    281. pci_bus 0000:28: resource 1 [mem 0xf7500000-0xf77fffff]
    282. pci_bus 0000:30: resource 1 [mem 0xf7900000-0xf79fffff]
    283. pci_bus 0000:31: resource 1 [mem 0xf7800000-0xf78fffff]
    284. NET: Registered protocol family 2
    287. ### 如果开启IOMMU，则给分配iommu  group
    288. pci 0000:00:00.2: AMD-Vi: IOMMU performance counters supported
    289. pci 0000:00:01.0: Adding to iommu group 0
    290. pci 0000:00:01.1: Adding to iommu group 1
    291. pci 0000:00:01.3: Adding to iommu group 2
    292. pci 0000:00:02.0: Adding to iommu group 3
    293. pci 0000:00:03.0: Adding to iommu group 4
    294. pci 0000:00:03.1: Adding to iommu group 5
    295. pci 0000:00:04.0: Adding to iommu group 6
    296. pci 0000:00:05.0: Adding to iommu group 7
    297. pci 0000:00:07.0: Adding to iommu group 8
    298. pci 0000:00:07.1: Adding to iommu group 9
    299. pci 0000:00:08.0: Adding to iommu group 10
    300. pci 0000:00:08.1: Adding to iommu group 11
    301. pci 0000:00:08.2: Adding to iommu group 12
    302. pci 0000:00:08.3: Adding to iommu group 13
    303. pci 0000:00:14.0: Adding to iommu group 14
    304. pci 0000:00:14.3: Adding to iommu group 14
    305. pci 0000:00:18.0: Adding to iommu group 15
    306. pci 0000:00:18.1: Adding to iommu group 15
    307. pci 0000:00:18.2: Adding to iommu group 15
    308. pci 0000:00:18.3: Adding to iommu group 15
    309. pci 0000:00:18.4: Adding to iommu group 15
    310. pci 0000:00:18.5: Adding to iommu group 15
    311. pci 0000:00:18.6: Adding to iommu group 15
    312. pci 0000:00:18.7: Adding to iommu group 15
    313. pci 0000:01:00.0: Adding to iommu group 16
    314. pci 0000:03:00.0: Adding to iommu group 17
    315. pci 0000:03:00.1: Adding to iommu group 17
    316. pci 0000:03:00.2: Adding to iommu group 17
    317. pci 0000:20:00.0: Adding to iommu group 17
    318. pci 0000:20:01.0: Adding to iommu group 17
    319. pci 0000:20:04.0: Adding to iommu group 17
    320. pci 0000:22:00.0: Adding to iommu group 17
    321. pci 0000:25:00.0: Adding to iommu group 17
    322. pci 0000:25:00.1: Adding to iommu group 17
    323. pci 0000:26:00.0: Adding to iommu group 18
    324. pci 0000:26:00.1: Adding to iommu group 18
    325. pci 0000:27:00.0: Adding to iommu group 19
    326. pci 0000:28:00.0: Adding to iommu group 20
    327. pci 0000:28:00.1: Adding to iommu group 21
    328. pci 0000:28:00.3: Adding to iommu group 22
    329. pci 0000:28:00.4: Adding to iommu group 23
    330. pci 0000:30:00.0: Adding to iommu group 24
    331. pci 0000:31:00.0: Adding to iommu group 25
    332. pci 0000:00:00.2: AMD-Vi: Found IOMMU cap 0x40
    333. pci 0000:00:00.2: AMD-Vi: Extended features (0x58f77ef22294ade):

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